這篇文章將為大家詳細(xì)講解有關(guān)Entity Framework之DB First方式有什么用,小編覺得挺實用的,因此分享給大家做個參考,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后可以有所收獲。

EF(Entity Framework的簡稱,下同)有三種方式,分別是:DataBase First、 Model First和Code First。
下面是Db First的方式:
1. 數(shù)據(jù)庫庫中存在兩個表,一個是專業(yè)表,一個學(xué)生表,一個學(xué)生只能屬于一個專業(yè):

其中T_Major是專業(yè)表,T_Student是學(xué)生表,StudentId是學(xué)號,MajorId是專業(yè)Id,T_Major與T_Student是一對多的關(guān)系。
2. 項目中添加數(shù)據(jù)庫實體模型



因為之前沒有配置過數(shù)據(jù)庫連接,所以點擊“新建庫連接”,如果之前配置過數(shù)據(jù)庫連接,可以直接從下拉列表中選擇或者新建



選擇需要生成的表/存儲過程等

點擊“完成”

這里會彈出如下圖的窗口,然后選擇確定(如果再彈出,也選擇確定),如果不小心點擊了取消,可以在模型設(shè)計界面Ctrl + S(保存的快捷鍵),或如下圖的操作,然后會彈出窗口,一直確定就行。


這里是使用MVC,所以添加一個控制器來測試(這里為了快速生成讀寫的控制器方法,選擇“包含讀/寫操作的MVC5控制器”)


生成代碼如下:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace Zhong.Web.Controllers
{
public class StudentController : Controller
{
// GET: Student
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
// GET: Student/Details/5
public ActionResult Details(int id)
{
return View();
}
// GET: Student/Create
public ActionResult Create()
{
return View();
}
// POST: Student/Create
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Create(FormCollection collection)
{
try
{
// TODO: Add insert logic here
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
catch
{
return View();
}
}
// GET: Student/Edit/5
public ActionResult Edit(int id)
{
return View();
}
// POST: Student/Edit/5
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Edit(int id, FormCollection collection)
{
try
{
// TODO: Add update logic here
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
catch
{
return View();
}
}
// GET: Student/Delete/5
public ActionResult Delete(int id)
{
return View();
}
// POST: Student/Delete/5
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Delete(int id, FormCollection collection)
{
try
{
// TODO: Add delete logic here
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
catch
{
return View();
}
}
}
}同樣的方法添加一個Major控制器
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace Zhong.Web.Controllers
{
public class MajorController : Controller
{
// GET: Major
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
// GET: Major/Details/5
public ActionResult Details(int id)
{
return View();
}
// GET: Major/Create
public ActionResult Create()
{
return View();
}
// POST: Major/Create
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Create(FormCollection collection)
{
try
{
// TODO: Add insert logic here
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
catch
{
return View();
}
}
// GET: Major/Edit/5
public ActionResult Edit(int id)
{
return View();
}
// POST: Major/Edit/5
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Edit(int id, FormCollection collection)
{
try
{
// TODO: Add update logic here
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
catch
{
return View();
}
}
// GET: Major/Delete/5
public ActionResult Delete(int id)
{
return View();
}
// POST: Major/Delete/5
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Delete(int id, FormCollection collection)
{
try
{
// TODO: Add delete logic here
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
catch
{
return View();
}
}
}
}由于學(xué)生表MajorId依賴于Major表,所以需要先有專業(yè),才能新增學(xué)生數(shù)據(jù)(這里不討論是否合理)
編寫邏輯代碼,創(chuàng)建視圖
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using Zhong.Web.Models;
namespace Zhong.Web.Controllers
{
public class MajorController : Controller
{
// GET: Major
public ActionResult Index()
{
var majors = new EFDbEntities().T_Major.ToList();
return View(majors);
}
// GET: Major/Details/5
public ActionResult Details(int id)
{
var major = new EFDbEntities().T_Major.Find(id);
if (major == null)
{
return Content("參數(shù)錯誤");
}
return View(major);
}
// GET: Major/Create
public ActionResult Create()
{
return View();
}
// POST: Major/Create
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Create(T_Major entity)
{
if (entity != null)
{
var entities = new EFDbEntities();
entities.T_Major.Add(entity);
entities.SaveChanges();
}
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
// GET: Major/Edit/5
public ActionResult Edit(int id)
{
var entity = new EFDbEntities().T_Major.Find(id);
if (entity == null)
{
return Content("參數(shù)錯誤");
}
return View(entity);
}
// POST: Major/Edit/5
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Edit(T_Major entity)
{
if (entity == null)
{
return Content("參數(shù)錯誤");
}
var entities = new EFDbEntities();
#region 方式一
////該方式一般是根據(jù)主鍵先讀取數(shù)據(jù),然后再逐個賦值,最后更新
//var oldEntity = entities.T_Major.Find(entity.Id);
//if (oldEntity!=null)
//{
// oldEntity.Name = entity.Name;
// entities.SaveChanges();
//}
#endregion
#region 方式二
//該方式是直接將新的實體(可能是new出來的并且對主鍵等的屬性賦值好了)附加到上下文,然后標(biāo)記狀態(tài)為修改Modified
entities.T_Major.Attach(entity);
entities.Entry(entity).State = System.Data.Entity.EntityState.Modified;
entities.SaveChanges();
#endregion
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
// GET: Major/Delete/5
public ActionResult Delete(int id)
{
var major = new EFDbEntities().T_Major.Find(id);
return View(major);
}
// POST: Major/Delete/5
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Delete(int id, FormCollection collection)
{
try
{
// TODO: Add delete logic here
var entities = new EFDbEntities();
var major = entities.T_Major.Find(id);
entities.T_Major.Remove(major);
entities.SaveChanges();
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
catch
{
return View();
}
}
}
}添加專業(yè):

專業(yè)列表:

同樣實現(xiàn)學(xué)生控制器與視圖:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using Zhong.Web.Models;
namespace Zhong.Web.Controllers
{
public class StudentController : Controller
{
private EFDbEntities entities = new EFDbEntities();
// GET: Student
public ActionResult Index()
{
var students = entities.T_Student.ToList();
return View(students);
}
// GET: Student/Details/5
public ActionResult Details(int id)
{
var student = entities.T_Student.Find(id);
return View(student);
}
// GET: Student/Create
public ActionResult Create()
{
ViewData["MajorId"] = entities.T_Major.Select(m => new SelectListItem { Text = m.Name, Value = m.Id.ToString() });
return View();
}
// POST: Student/Create
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Create(T_Student entity)
{
entities.T_Student.Add(entity);
entities.SaveChanges();
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
// GET: Student/Edit/5
public ActionResult Edit(int id)
{
var student = entities.T_Student.Find(id);
ViewData["MajorId"] = entities.T_Major.Select(m => new SelectListItem { Text = m.Name, Value = m.Id.ToString() });
return View(student);
}
// POST: Student/Edit/5
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Edit(T_Student entity)
{
if (entity == null)
{
return Content("參數(shù)錯誤");
}
entities.T_Student.Attach(entity);
entities.Entry(entity).State = System.Data.Entity.EntityState.Modified;
entities.SaveChanges();
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
// GET: Student/Delete/5
public ActionResult Delete(int id)
{
var student = entities.T_Student.Find(id);
return View(student);
}
// POST: Student/Delete/5
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Delete(int id, FormCollection collection)
{
var student = entities.T_Student.Find(id);
entities.T_Student.Remove(student);
entities.SaveChanges();
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
}
}添加學(xué)生時,報錯如下:

于是在控制器中增加如下代碼:

刷新頁面:

編輯:

刪除:

列表:

在MajorController中有介紹EF的兩種更新方式。
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