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Android及IOS基于TestNG的代碼結構示例,
常用的元素定位方式的介紹
部分項目中使用的功能代碼示例
Appium日志的具體分析
部分需要理解的概念
Android示例代碼(TestNG):
public class AndroidTest {
protected AndroidDriver<MobileElement> driver;
URL url = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub");
@BeforeSuite
public void setUp() throws Exception {
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "AndroidPhone");
capabilities.setCapability(AndroidMobileCapabilityType.APP_PACKAGE, "com.example.dev");
capabilities.setCapability(AndroidMobileCapabilityType.APP_ACTIVITY, ".MainActivity");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.NO_RESET, true);
......
driver = new AndroidDriver<>(url, capabilities);
}
@AfterSuite
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
if (driver != null) {
driver.quit();
}
}
@Test
public void test_001(){}//Test Case One
@Test
public void test_002(){}//Test Case Two
}IOS示例代碼(TestNG):
public abstract class IOSTest {
protected IOSDriver<MobileElement> driver;
URL url = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub");
@BeforeSuite
public void setUp() throws Exception {
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, "iOS");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_VERSION, "10.3");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "My iPhone 6");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.UDID, "c4ef2cbc8a1b39123838a8ad9fdea45547e44c20");
capabilities.setCapability(IOSMobileCapabilityType.BUNDLE_ID, "com.example.dev");
......
driver = new IOSDriver<>(url, capabilities);
}
}常用的元素定位方式:
Android:
| By.id | View的id,最好用 | com.hello.uat:id/et_reg_mobile android:id/button1 button1 |
| By.classname | View的類型名 | android.widget.TextView android.widget.Button |
| By.xpath | 根據(jù)element的屬性及DOM層級查找,比較不穩(wěn)定 | By.xpath(".//*[@text='Title']")根據(jù)text屬性查找, 一般對于索引不確定的元素采用 |
| MobileBy. AndroidUIAutomator | Android自帶UIAutomator框架的定位方式 |
IOS:
| MobileBy. AccessibilityId | 組件的AccessibilityId,最好用 | 一般同組件的name屬性,使用Inspector獲得 |
| By.classname | 組件的類型名 | XCUIElementTypeStaticText XCUIElementTypeButton |
| By.xpath | 根據(jù)element的屬性及DOM層級查找,比較不穩(wěn)定。 | By.xpath(".//*[@name='Title']")根據(jù)name屬性查找,一般都可以用AccessibilityId替代,因為name和AccessibilityId一般是一樣的 更精準可以帶上classname: //XCUIElementTypeStaticText[@name="Hello"] 一般對于索引不確定又沒有AccessibilityId的元素采用 |
| MobileBy. IosUIAutomation | IOS自帶框架UIAutomation的定位方式 |
AccessibilityId
appium移除了在Selenium上常用的name和tagname定位方式
IOS上表示Accessibility Identifier,通常和Name、Label屬性相同
Android上表示content description
交互操作
MobileElement:交互的對象,對應于Android中的一個View對象
點擊:element.click();
輸入:element.sendKeys("text");
滑動:driver.swipe()
點擊:driver.tap();
等待方式:
//隱式等待
//全局設定查找元素時的等待時間,找不到會嘗試10秒內間隔查找,找到了繼續(xù)
//這里設定的值對driver的整個生命周期起作用,從現(xiàn)在開始到下次修改,每次查找都是10秒。
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//顯式等待
//僅僅這次,指明最多等待5秒,指明結束條件為找到元素id=bt_next。超時拋出TimeoutException。
WebElement e = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(
ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id("bt_next")));
//強行等待
//線程直接暫停,適合于單純的等待。不查找元素
Thread.sleep(3000)
DesiredCapabilities
這是一個key-value的集合,用于告訴服務器建立連接的設備信息,不同平臺有所不同。appium支持許多的屬性設置,可以到官網(wǎng)做個全面的了解。
MobileCapabilityType:不同平臺共用
AndroidMobileCapabilityType:Android專用
IOSMobileCapabilityType:IOS專用
Android一般至少需要:
1、platformName
2、platformVersion
3、deviceName
4、appPackage
5、appActivity
IOS一般至少需要:
1、platformName
2、platformVersion
3、deviceName
4、udid
5、bundleId
部分代碼示例
//對于彈出的權限對話框,如果找到Allow按鈕則一直點擊Allow。
protected void grantPermissionIfPrompt() {
int count = 0;//at most five times grant
MobileElement allowBtn = findElement(By.id(ConstConfig.ALLOW_BUTTON));
while (allowBtn != null && count++ < 5) {//at most 5 time to try
allowBtn.click();
allowBtn = findElement(By.id(ConstConfig.ALLOW_BUTTON));
}
}//向上滑動列表,直到找到目標元素
static public MobileElement scrollDownUnitFound(AndroidDriver<MobileElement> driver, String content) throws Exception {
int width = driver.manage().window().getSize().getWidth();
int height = driver.manage().window().getSize().getHeight();
int count = 0;
String xpathStr = createXpathDesc(content);
do {
if (driver.findElementsByXPath(xpathStr).size() > 0) {
//in case of the element is still hiding, or the element is showing only a little part of it.
driver.swipe(width / 2, height / 2, width / 2, height / 3, 600);
Thread.sleep(1000);//sleep 1 second to avoid getting the element in the wrong position.
return driver.findElementsByXPath(xpathStr).get(0);
}
driver.swipe(width / 2, height / 2, width / 2, height / 4, 600);
count++;
} while (count < 20);
return null;
}//生成xpath字符串
static public String createXpathDesc(String content) {
return ".//*[@text='" + content + "']";
}//滑動找到元素,并點擊其左側的CheckBox。CheckBox沒有id,也不適合用classname,因為不知道是第幾個,只能借助相鄰元素坐標偏移。
MobileElement el = AndroidHelper.scrollDownUnitFound(driver, voteTarget);
if (el != null) {//find the checkbox to the left of the founded target.
int targetX = el.getLocation().getX() - 20;
int targetY = el.getLocation().getY() + 1;//event +0 is working
System.out.println("coordinates:x = " + targetX + " y = " + targetY);
driver.tap(1, targetX, targetY, 300);
}日志分析(Appium on AWS Device Farm):
Appium是Client/Server結構的,所以每一次操作都是以Client向Server發(fā)送http請求開始,以Server向Client發(fā)送http響應結束。查閱日志可以按這個規(guī)律過濾不必要的信息。
Android日志分析:
driver.findElement(By.id("compose_button")).click();
(Adnroid)findElement操作日志:
2017-09-19 04:06:27:278 - [HTTP] --> POST /wd/hub/session/acfa31ae-321f-4ee1-a34b-294667393f8f/element {"using":"id","value":"compose_button"}
2017-09-19 04:06:27:278 - [debug] [MJSONWP] Calling AppiumDriver.findElement() with args: ["id","compose_button","acfa31ae-321f-4ee1-a34b-294667393f8f"]
2017-09-19 04:06:27:279 - [debug] [BaseDriver] Valid locator strategies for this request: xpath, id, class name, accessibility id, -android uiautomator
2017-09-19 04:06:27:279 - [debug] [BaseDriver] Valid locator strategies for this request: xpath, id, class name, accessibility id, -android uiautomator
2017-09-19 04:06:27:279 - [debug] [BaseDriver] Waiting up to 3000 ms for condition
2017-09-19 04:06:27:280 - [debug] [AndroidBootstrap] Sending command to android: {"cmd":"action","action":"find","params":{"strategy":"id","selector":"compose_button","context":"","multiple":false}}
2017-09-19 04:06:27:310 - [AndroidBootstrap] [BOOTSTRAP LOG] [debug] Got data from client: {"cmd":"action","action":"find","params":{"strategy":"id","selector":"compose_button","context":"","multiple":false}}
2017-09-19 04:06:27:310 - [AndroidBootstrap] [BOOTSTRAP LOG] [debug] Got command of type ACTION
2017-09-19 04:06:27:310 - [AndroidBootstrap] [BOOTSTRAP LOG] [debug] Got command action: find
2017-09-19 04:06:27:311 - [AndroidBootstrap] [BOOTSTRAP LOG] [debug] Finding 'compose_button' using 'ID' with the contextId: '' multiple: false
2017-09-19 04:06:27:311 - [AndroidBootstrap] [BOOTSTRAP LOG] [debug] Using: UiSelector[INSTANCE=0, RESOURCE_ID=com.example.hello:id/compose_button]
2017-09-19 04:06:27:329 - [AndroidBootstrap] [BOOTSTRAP LOG] [debug] Returning result: {"status":0,"value":{"ELEMENT":"9"}}
2017-09-19 04:06:27:330 - [debug] [AndroidBootstrap] Received command result from bootstrap
2017-09-19 04:06:27:330 - [debug] [MJSONWP] Responding to client with driver.findElement() result: {"ELEMENT":"9"}
2017-09-19 04:06:27:344 - [HTTP] <-- POST /wd/hub/session/acfa31ae-321f-4ee1-a34b-294667393f8f/element 200 53 ms - 87(Android)click操作日志:
2017-09-19 04:06:27:348 - [HTTP] --> POST /wd/hub/session/acfa31ae-321f-4ee1-a34b-294667393f8f/element/9/click {"id":"9"}
2017-09-19 04:06:27:348 - [debug] [MJSONWP] Calling AppiumDriver.click() with args: ["9","acfa31ae-321f-4ee1-a34b-294667393f8f"]
2017-09-19 04:06:27:359 - [debug] [AndroidBootstrap] Sending command to android: {"cmd":"action","action":"element:click","params":{"elementId":"9"}}
2017-09-19 04:06:27:375 - [AndroidBootstrap] [BOOTSTRAP LOG] [debug] Got data from client: {"cmd":"action","action":"element:click","params":{"elementId":"9"}}
2017-09-19 04:06:27:391 - [AndroidBootstrap] [BOOTSTRAP LOG] [debug] Got command of type ACTION
2017-09-19 04:06:27:391 - [AndroidBootstrap] [BOOTSTRAP LOG] [debug] Got command action: click
2017-09-19 04:06:27:876 - [debug] [AndroidBootstrap] Received command result from bootstrap
2017-09-19 04:06:27:876 - [debug] [MJSONWP] Responding to client with driver.click() result: true
2017-09-19 04:06:27:880 - [HTTP] <-- POST /wd/hub/session/acfa31ae-321f-4ee1-a34b-294667393f8f/element/9/click 200 529 ms - 76IOS日志分析:
driver.findByAccessibilityId("Compose").click();
(IOS)findElement操作日志:
2017-09-19 07:19:36:259 - [HTTP] --> POST /wd/hub/session/bbb16560-a4c7-43fc-a5d0-dea9057dff93/element {"using":"accessibility id","value":"Compose"}
2017-09-19 07:19:36:259 - [debug] [MJSONWP] Calling AppiumDriver.findElement() with args: ["accessibility id","Compose","bbb16560-a4c7-43fc-a5d0-dea9057dff93"]
2017-09-19 07:19:36:260 - [debug] [XCUITest] Executing command 'findElement'
2017-09-19 07:19:36:260 - [debug] [BaseDriver] Valid locator strategies for this request: xpath, id, name, class name, -ios predicate string, -ios class chain, accessibility id
2017-09-19 07:19:36:260 - [debug] [BaseDriver] Waiting up to 3000 ms for condition
2017-09-19 07:19:36:261 - [debug] [JSONWP Proxy] Proxying [POST /element] to [POST http://127.0.0.1:8100/session/3FAA9ECD-8EE9-49BC-B1F9-010B03B9821B/element] with body: {"using":"accessibility id","value":"Compose"}
2017-09-19 07:19:37:826 - [debug] [JSONWP Proxy] Got response with status 200: {"value":{"ELEMENT":"E56F3927-08E6-4ECD-B3E4-05F30198FA6A","type":"XCUIElementTypeButton","label":"Compose"},"sessionId":"3FAA9ECD-8EE9-49BC-B1F9-010B03B9821B","status":0}
2017-09-19 07:19:37:829 - [debug] [MJSONWP] Responding to client with driver.findElement() result: {"ELEMENT":"E56F3927-08E6-4ECD-B3E4-05F30198FA6A","type":"XCUIElementTypeButton","label":"Compose"}
2017-09-19 07:19:37:843 - [HTTP] <-- POST /wd/hub/session/bbb16560-a4c7-43fc-a5d0-dea9057dff93/element 200 1570 ms - 171(IOS)click操作日志:
2017-09-19 07:19:37:869 - [HTTP] --> POST /wd/hub/session/bbb16560-a4c7-43fc-a5d0-dea9057dff93/element/E56F3927-08E6-4ECD-B3E4-05F30198FA6A/click {"id":"E56F3927-08E6-4ECD-B3E4-05F30198FA6A"}
2017-09-19 07:19:37:870 - [MJSONWP] Driver proxy active, passing request on via HTTP proxy
2017-09-19 07:19:37:870 - [debug] [XCUITest] Executing command 'proxyReqRes'
2017-09-19 07:19:37:870 - [debug] [JSONWP Proxy] Proxying [POST /wd/hub/session/bbb16560-a4c7-43fc-a5d0-dea9057dff93/element/E56F3927-08E6-4ECD-B3E4-05F30198FA6A/click] to [POST http://127.0.0.1:8100/session/3FAA9ECD-8EE9-49BC-B1F9-010B03B9821B/element/E56F3927-08E6-4ECD-B3E4-05F30198FA6A/click] with body: {"id":"E56F3927-08E6-4ECD-B3E4-05F30198FA6A"}
2017-09-19 07:19:39:829 - [debug] [JSONWP Proxy] Got response with status 200: {"status":0,"id":"E56F3927-08E6-4ECD-B3E4-05F30198FA6A","value":"","sessionId":"3FAA9ECD-8EE9-49BC-B1F9-010B03B9821B"}
2017-09-19 07:19:39:829 - [JSONWP Proxy] Replacing sessionId 3FAA9ECD-8EE9-49BC-B1F9-010B03B9821B with bbb16560-a4c7-43fc-a5d0-dea9057dff93
2017-09-19 07:19:39:834 - [HTTP] <-- POST /wd/hub/session/bbb16560-a4c7-43fc-a5d0-dea9057dff93/element/E56F3927-08E6-4ECD-B3E4-05F30198FA6A/click 200 1960 ms - 118
分享標題:Appium的代碼實例及日志分析
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