無論是迫于預算，亦或者是領導要求，多實例的安裝也是DBA必須掌握的技術，她的啟停和登錄方式和單實例安裝數(shù)據(jù)庫略有不同，本文記錄下如何完成MySQL5.6多實例部署。

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首先我們看一下my.cnf和單實例的區(qū)分：

[root@HE1 scripts]#
cat /etc/my.cnf
[client]
#port = 3306
#socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
#default-character-set = utf8

[mysql]
#default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld3306]
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql_3306
socket = /tmp/mysql_3306.sock
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql_3306/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql_3306/error.log
log-bin = /data/mysql_3306/mysql-bin
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_format = row
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m

[mysqld3308]
port = 3308
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql_3308
socket = /tmp/mysql_3308.sock
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql_3308/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql_3308/error.log
long_query_time = 1
log-bin = /data/mysql_3308/mysql-bin
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
binlog_format = row
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M

可以看出，多實例的my.cnf實際上就是如上所示，本文為了演示實驗環(huán)境，innodb_buffer_pool_size僅僅開了100m，真實的生產(chǎn)庫中多實例部署該參數(shù)要開大些，兩個實例該參數(shù)的值達到內存的50%-80%都可以。

下面開始初始化我們的數(shù)據(jù)庫
首先創(chuàng)建我們的數(shù)據(jù)目錄
[root@HE1 ~]#mkdir -p /data/mysql_3306
[root@HE1 ~]#mkdir -p /data/mysql_3308
[root@HE1 ~]#echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib" >>/etc/profile

進入到mysql的scripts文件夾下對數(shù)據(jù)庫進行初始化，這里我們對3306端口數(shù)據(jù)庫進行初始化
[root@HE1 scripts]#./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_3306 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql

這里我們對3308端口數(shù)據(jù)庫進行初始化
[root@HE1 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_3308 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql

初始化完成后，我們便可以啟停數(shù)據(jù)庫了，和單實例不同，多實例采用mysqld_multi來啟停數(shù)據(jù)庫
[root@HE1 bin]# ./mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password=MANAGER start 3306,3308

可以利用mysqld_multi的report命令來檢測多實例的運行狀況
1234 [root@HE1 bin]#./mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3308 is running

登錄方式和單實例大體相同，不過由于多實例的存在，我們需要指定不同的端口號
[root@HE1 bin]# mysql -uroot -p -P3306 -h 192.168.1.48
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6 Server version: 5.6.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000,
2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a
registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h'
for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema
|
| 3306db       |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema
|
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

當然，利用socket文件登錄也是可以的
[root@HE1 bin]#mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql_3306/mysql_3306.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7 Server version: 5.6.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000,
2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a
registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h'
for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema
|
| 3306db       |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema
|
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

這里是登錄3308端口數(shù)據(jù)庫
[root@HE1 bin]#mysql -uroot -p -P3308 -h 192.168.1.48
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 5.6.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000,
2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a
registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h'
for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

Type 'help;' or '\h'
for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema
|
| 3308db       |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema
|
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

利用3308端口的socket文件登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫
[root@HE1 bin]#mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql_3308/mysql_3308.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9 Server version: 5.6.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000,
2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a
registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h'
for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema
|
| 3308db       |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema
|
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00sec)

至此，MySQL5.6多實例部署完成。

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