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XPath即為XML路徑語言(XML Path Language),它是一種用來確定XML文檔中某部分位置的語言。XPath基于XML的樹狀結構,提供在數(shù)據(jù)結構樹中找尋節(jié)點的能力。起初 XPath 的提出的初衷是將其作為一個通用的、介于XPointer與XSL間的語法模型。但是 XPath 很快的被開發(fā)者采用來當作小型查詢語言
XPathTest.java
package com.hongyuan.test;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
public class XPathTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws ParserConfigurationException,
SAXException, IOException, XPathExpressionException {
// 解析文件,生成document對象
DocumentBuilder builder = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance()
.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document = builder.parse(new File("bookstore.xml"));
// 生成XPath對象
XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
// 獲取節(jié)點值
String webTitle = (String) xpath.evaluate(
"/bookstore/book[@category='WEB']/title/text()", document,
XPathConstants.STRING);
System.out.println(webTitle);
System.out.println("===========================================================");
// 獲取節(jié)點屬性值
String webTitleLang = (String) xpath.evaluate(
"/bookstore/book[@category='WEB']/title/@lang", document,
XPathConstants.STRING);
System.out.println(webTitleLang);
System.out.println("===========================================================");
// 獲取節(jié)點對象
Node bookWeb = (Node) xpath.evaluate(
"/bookstore/book[@category='WEB']", document,
XPathConstants.NODE);
System.out.println(bookWeb.getNodeName());
System.out.println("===========================================================");
// 獲取節(jié)點集合
NodeList books = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate("/bookstore/book", document,
XPathConstants.NODESET);
for (int i = 0; i < books.getLength(); i++) {
Node book = books.item(i);
System.out.println(xpath.evaluate("@category", book,
XPathConstants.STRING));
}
System.out.println("===========================================================");
}
}bookstore.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <bookstore> <book category="COOKING"> <title>Everyday Italian</title> <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author> <year>2005</year> <price>30.00</price> </book> <book category="CHILDREN"> <title>Harry Potter</title> <author>J K. Rowling</author> <year>2005</year> <price>29.99</price> </book> <book category="WEB"> <title>Learning XML</title> <author>Erik T. Ray</author> <year>2003</year> <price>39.95</price> </book> </bookstore>
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